01 / THE DEBATE
How private
really?
Zerocash, Zcash’s academic precursor, credits Israeli government and U.S. defense research funding among its sponsors.
A 2019 disclosure described a now-patched flaw that could allow unlimited, undetectable counterfeiting of shielded coins; transaction privacy was unaffected.

- 2008
Bitcoin
The whitepaper separates identities from public transactions.
- 2014
Zerocash
Private payments through zero-knowledge proofs.
- 2019
Counterfeiting Flaw Disclosed
Unlimited counterfeiting was possible. Exploitation could have gone undetected.
- 2025
Halo2 proof flaw
A patched bug allowed invalid proofs in certain circuits. 2019 round 2?
- Network
- Solana
- Pair
- NITT / cbBTC
- Transaction tax
- 3%